Inductor magneto alternator.



.L. LE PoNTols. I NDUOTOB MAGNET() ALTERNATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 00 T.424, 1907.-4

Patana oct. 27, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

L. LE BONTOIS. INDUGTOR MAGNETO ALTERNATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 24,1907.

Patented @eh21-1908.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. LE PONTOIS.

' INDUGTOR MAGNETO ALTERNATOR.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 24, 1907.

Patented 0017211908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

. Np. V902,499.

v' To all whom may'concerm UNITED sTnTas PATENT. :onnron LEON LEPoNTors, or NEWRQCHELLE, NEW YORK, AssIGNoR To HURD a HAGGIN. A coR- froRATIoN or 'NEW YoRKL minne-Ton MAGNETD ALTERNATOR.

, Y Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 27, 190s.

Application filed October 24A, 1907. Serial No. 399,060.

' Be itknoWn-,that I, LEON :LE PoNTors, a

' citizen of the `Republic of France, residing at New Rochelle,l in thecounty of Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in InductorMagneto Alternators, of Which thefol-v lowing is ,a specification, reference beinghad to the'accompanyingdrawings. f

This invention relates in some features to alternating currentII'nagnetos -especially designed for the generation .ofalternating'current waves having rather sharp 'peaks and therefore best'adapted to operate sparkcoils usedto effect ignition in internalcombustion engines. 4 i

. This invention relates more particularly to that type of magnetoscalled inductor alterlnators in which both the magnetic field structure'and lthe windings in Which'the alternat-.

' ing currents are generated ,are stationary,

when in operation, the rotatingfelement' merely consisting f'an ironarmature having -such a shape that itmodities by its rotation -1 25 thedensity and direction of the magnetic fiux threading through thestationary windings. The intensity of such currents depends on the rateat Whichthe densit or direction of the magnetic flux/through t egenerating Windings is modified bythe rotation of the inductor; andthis-de `ends in turn on the polar relation existing etween therotatingelement and the stationary element.

The special purpose of the present invention is to change the density ordirection of lthe magnetic fiux more suddenly than in the devices'heretofore used for this purpose, and this l have accomplished byproviding a magnetic structure which secures a rapid change in thedensity or direction of the magnetic flux through the generatingwindings during a relatively'short period of time or during a smallangular movement ofthe rotor. In order to obtain such results I employthe structure illustrated in the drawings, in which- Figure' 1 is an endview! Fig. 2, a 'verti- Fig. 3, a vertical longitudinal median section.Figs. 4, 5,' and 6, show the paths ofthe magnetic flux in diiierentpositions of the rotor.

The magnetic eld is composed of a number of steel plates 1,'1, pressedinto close con- Q tact by the frame 2, 2, and through bolts 3, 3. i thiscondition of the plates l, 1f a magnetic The frame and magnets'aremounted in bearl inductor, such as the rotor 4, be placed beings 7', 7,so as to be adjustable therein to vary the time at which currentssuitable for ignition purposes are generated. Each ofthe plates 1 ismagnetized by, placingy the surfaces of the two opposingcentral portionsin close proximity respectively to the north and south 'poles of apowerful electromagnet Which closes its circuit thrpu gh the V-shapedparts of the plate 1, developing in the'central portions ofthe platestwo consequent magnetic poles of opposite polarity. The extensions N1,N2.of one central Jortion are therefore say of north polarity, While theextensions S, S2 'of the opposite Ycentral portion are of the oppositeor south polaritiy. The polar extensions N1, N2 and Sl, S2 are connectedrespectively by bridges N3, S3

around which the generating windings 5, v6" are placed. The polar areasN1, Niis and S1, S2, SS are not permanently magnetized. The V sha edportions ol the plates are thoroughly ardened, While the central polarareas are allowedvto remain comparatively soft by means of a specialprocess.

In order to cause the steel molecules to as- Isume permanently parallelpositions in the lines of magnetic polarization, in the -V shapedportions the plates 1 are individually placedin close proximity to themagnetizing lelectro-ma net While they are at a high temperature, a out715 C. The V sha ed ends which are to be magnetized are tien rsuddenlycooled while their molecules are under the influence ofI the magnetizingfield. The central portions of the plates remain annealed, and when theplates are removed lfrom the iniiuence ofthe electro-magnet, the

V shaped parts of the plates only Will be i'ound to be permanentlymagnetized, while4 the central portions of the plates are magnetized bythe inductive laction of the per-V manentlyr magnetizeddportions of thestructure. By thus provi ing an integral plate which is hardened andpermanently magnetized in certain portions, While having soft portionsof high permeability, Iam enabled to fuliil the objects of my inventionwithout introducing the otherwise unavoidable reluctance of magneticjoints. vl thereby obtain magnetic circuits of minimum reluctance andalso secure great strenvth and rigidity in the magnetic structure. lanconsequence of tween N2, S, as shown in Fig. et, and is then suddenlychanged to the position shown in bridge S3 and the upper V to N1.

Fig. G, the magnetic flux will shift much more readily ironrthe path N2,Sl to the path N1, S2 than if the-bridges N, S3 and polar extensionsWere not annealed.

The magnetic conditions corresponding to the diierent positions of therotor t as illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 may be briefly described: Inthe position shown in Fig. -t the reluctance of the path Ni, S" causesthe iiux which' would otherwise issue from N1 to cross the bridge N3 andto pass Iby Way of X2 and the inductor 4, to S1 and closiiig. itscircuit through the upper V, while the flux issuing from X2 passes byu'ay ojlft, S1 and S3 closing its circuit through the lower V. in F ig.6 owing to the great reluctance oii'ered by the magnetic path N2 S themagnetic tlux instead of passing from X crosses the bridge N3 and flowsin parallel with the Hux issuing from N1 through the inductor andreaches the Ypol-ar projection S2 wheiice the two iluxes take divergentcourses, one returningthrough the lower V, the other returning throughthe In the position shownin Fig. 5, the magnetic reluctance ci the pathsN1 S1 and N2 S2 being practically equal, the mag -tic ilux tends to flowthrough these paths, as shown by the arrows, closing its circuitsthrough the upper and lower V .polarized circuits respectively. Thus,'while the inductor et, occupies 'successively in its rotation the threepositions shown in Figs. 1, 5, and 6, the magnetic flux threadingthrough the stationary windings, 5, 6, Wound on the bridges, N3 S3passes from a maximum density in` one direction to a maximum densityinthe opposite direction.

By reason of the-exterior form of the plates 1,'1, and of the magneticfield composed of them, it is possible by means of rod '8 to swing thefield magnets about their pivotal supports, so as to change the time ot'the generation of the two high peaked current Waves without causing themagnets to extend laterally beyond thc central diameter',

thereby permit-ting such change ol position tobe made -ithin that space.l

'l`l'ie'circuit closer and interrupter is operated by a 4cam l() on therotor shaft and serves to short circuit the combined circuit of the twostationary Windingst, 6, excepting at or near the time when' thecurrentis employed to produce a spa-rk.A vWhen this circuit is opened the coilsare placed in series with the 'primary ci? the induction coil and theelectrical energy stored in them under the form oi self induction isdiscliarged to the primary Windirg of the induction coil.

The electric circuit is opened at the nionient when the current inducedin the stationary 'iif'indings reaches its maximum, and

`although this time varies slightly with the` increase of speed of therotor it is approxitionary element.

coat-ee the'position shown in. Fig. (i.

it will be noted that the dimensions oi the .polar 'faces of therotating element in operative magnetic relation with the polar faces oithe stationary element are such that the total magnetic reluctance olthe combined magnetic circuits changes very little in the different)ositions o1pA the inductor when rotating Witlhin the stationarystructure. This is due to the Width oi the polar faces ol" the rotorbeing greater thanthe distance between adjoining polar extensions of thesta- 'Abnormal magnetic leakage which `would otherwise lead to ultimatedemagnetization of the permanently niagnetized portions, visconsequently avoided.

4This arrangement Aalso greatly increases the rapidity with which theintensity and direc-- tion of the ilux threading through .the generatingwindings changes and increases the intensity of the current generated inthe Wind ings corres ondingly. Thus, it will be understood t'iat,although the change in the densityo'i the inagiietlc'flux through thealternative paths successively controlled. by the rotor tends tocorrespond with the respective reluctance of said paths, yet by reasonof the tact that the windings 5, 6 are short circuited upon themselveswhile thereluctance oi the magnetic path is increasing, the currentinduced in thc coils, G tends to oppose such change, and the rate atwhich the density ot the flux decreases is not proportional to theincrease in reluctanceof the magnetic pat-h. Thus as the inductor passesfrom the position of Fig. 4, the reluctance of' the ath from N to Slgradually increases;

the c ensity ot the magnetic lines in said pathv path of the magneticlines will take place.

At the moment however, when the short circuit loi the generatingwindings is removed by the operation of the interruptor, the opposingaction of the windings to change in flux is decreased, and at thatmoment a new path of low magnetic reluctance-is oti'ered to the fiux byreason of a considerable portion of the rotor having moved Within theinfluence of. the previously inactive oler extensions; The .opposingaction or the generating windings to change in flux having beendecreased, and a new ath of low magnetic reluctance beingsimuliianeously ott'ercd for causing the iiux to ass through thewindings in the opposite irection, the decrease in iiux, through the'windings in the direction shown in Fig. -t tends to coincide with thei11- 'cuit of the windings is removed, leads momentarily to acomparatively large output of ythe generator during the short periodrequired for ener izing the sparking apparatus.

Although I ave described one embodiment of my invention,` it will beunderstood that various other embodiments and a plications thereof maybe made without dJeparting from the scope of my invention. It will `ofcourse, also be understood that where I use the word iron inthe claims,I intend 'to cover the use of steel as well, or any similar material.

-therewith, a Winding on said soft iron porl I claim A 1. In a magnetogenerator-,of the inductor type, the combination of a frame com risingan integral member, said member aving two lpermanently magnetizedportions of hardened iron and portions of soft iron connecting oles oflike polarityand integral with said) permanently iriagnetized portions,windings on said soft iron ortions, and a rotor for controlling thepat sof the magnetic flux.

2. In a magneto generator of the inductor type, the combination of aframe comprising an integral member, said member having a permanentlymagnetized portion of hardened iron and a polar portion of soft ironintegral tion, andarotor for controlling the paths of the magnetic fiuX.l

3. In an inductor generator, the combination of a frame comprisin aermanently magnetized portion of har ene iron and a polar portion ofsoft iron integral therewith, a' win ing on said latter portion, and arotating element for reversing the -magnetic linx `through said winding.

4. In a magneto generator, the combina-y tion of an element comprising aermanently magnetized portion of hardened) iron and a polar portion ofsoft iron integral therewith, a second element for 'controlling the pathof the magnetic'flux, and a winding on one of said elements.

5. In a magneto generator of the inductor type, the combination of astationary frame comprising a plurality of iron parts, each of saidparts having a plurality of permanently magnetized portions of hardenediron and a plurality of ortions of soft iron connecting adjoining po esof like polarity of said permanently magnetized portions and integraltherewith, windings on said soft iron portions, and a rotating elementfor reversin the direction of magnetic flux through sai windings, saidrotating element having polar faces of greater width than the spacebetween like poles of said frame.

LEON LE PONTOIS. IVitnesses:

MAE A. DERLIN, HARoLD SCHWARTZ.

